Psychoanalytic Sociology: An Essay on the Interpretation of Historical Data and the Phenomena of Collective Behavior, by Fred Weinstein and Gerald M. Platt,  The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1973, $8.50 cloth.

The adequacy of the prior attempts and the requirements for a successful integration of psychoanalysis and sociology is the subject of a fine, scholarly work by Fred Weinstein, a historian, and Gerald Platt, a sociologist.

This effort succeeds in a number of ways, but also leaves a number of fundamental questions untouched and unexamined. Building on their earlier and colloborative effort, The Wish to be Free, the authors are concerned with the issues of social order and social change. In their earlier work, the nurtur-ance-subordination relationship and its violation provided the conditions of stability while the disruption or loss of these standards was instrumental in leading to social or collective action and change. They now argue that all internalized standards and expectations provide stability and their disruption or loss will lead to social or collective change. To lend cogency to the major and abstract propositions they divide their book into four chapters, each of which can stand independently.

The first chapter is an excellent, well-documented critique of the five efforts that have been made to integrate the two disciplines or levels of analysis. The authors quickly review and reject the two models of integration available in Freud's early work. Extensive knowledge of Freud is presupposed in their analysis but I find their treatment fair. The other attempts at synthesis are the authoritarian personality studies by Adorno, Frenkel-Brunsvik, Levin-son and Sanford, Erikson's psychosocial model and the generational model, as exemplified by Loewenberg's work. All these are deficient because they fail to include a notion of psychic processes that are systematically related to society and culture. The study of object relationships, recognized by the authors as implied in Freud's later work, provides the key to the linkage of systematic, internalized processes between and among individuals. This is probably not radical to psychoanalysts, who have been influenced b