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This book is primarily a continuation of Pine's previous work. It is divided into two parts titled respectively “Diversity in Psychoanalysis” and “Direction in Psychoanalytic Technique.” Of the six chapters in part two, three are essentially reprints of previous papers. The first part of the book is exceptionally clearly written and carefully organized and serves as a nice introduction to Pine's well known viewpoint. Many of the chapters have a “conclusion” section at the end which serves as a useful summary to what has been covered in the chapter, and Pine often makes a special effort to clarify what he is going to discuss at the beginning of each chapter, producing a sense of gratitude in the reader.
I have certain reservations about the book that I wish to express before I go into details. Perhaps because it contains reprints, there is much repetition of the same material; I found chapter four to be especially redundant. One of the most important chapters, chapter seven, “Clinical Considerations Regarding Interpretation in the Four Psychologies,” deals with the thorny question of, as I would put it, how someone who uses multiple channels of psychoanalytic listening decides in any individual instance which channel to use. Unfortunately, Pine feels constrained to use material from cases that he supervised rather than from his own patients, which makes for some cumbersome exposition. A matter of this importance, which really contains the clinical meat of Pine's point of view, needs considerable expansion and detail from the author's own cases. For this reason I found the chapter unconvincing and hope that Pine will publish further clinical material. I was also puzzled by Pine's apparent lack of recognition that other authors have offered an approach similar to his own. For