Treatment resistance has emerged as a significant issue in our era emphasizing biological treatments for psychiatric disorders. This article suggests that, particularly when Axis II disorders are part of the clinical presentation, a subset of treatment refractory patients responds to a psychodynamic treatment approach that includes careful attention to the meaning of treatment resistance, and to the importance of relationships and of patient authority in recovery. The importance of engaging the negative transference and countertransference in treatment is also emphasized. A case example is offered to illustrate the article's thesis.