Starting with Galileo, there has been a conflict for the past four centuries between ideology and empirical science. As we all know, this still remains a hot topic not only in our country but throughout the world, since it challenges the very meaning of human existence. Freud's Project for a Scientific Psychology (1950) attempted to put psychoanalysis on a solid empirical base and not to be influenced by religion or philosophy. Unfortunately, some of his flowers did not follow this path, and resisted advances in psychoanalysis by emphasizing a fixed ideology consisting of a one-person psychology. A split in the psychoanalytic movement occurred, with the formation of the Academy of Psychoanalysis, that emphasized continuing empirical research was essential. However, with the progression of science, including direct infant observational studies and neurobiological findings, this split is being healed. Apologies were offered several years ago, and psychoanalysis is no longer divided over