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Marjorie Smith
Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Wiley Online, 2011, Volume 16 (3): 158–66
Concepts of parenting and their development are briefly reviewed, as well as the variety and scope of application of the term. Issues in relation to the assessment of parenting are discussed, and three questionnaire-type measures are reviewed – the HOME Inventories, the Parenting Stress Index, and the Parenting Daily Hassles Scale. It is concluded that while these measures have a utility, theoretical developments in concepts of parenting will increasingly require the use of assessments more sensitive to the interactive and dynamic aspects of parenting. It seems probable that these will be observational methods or semi-structured interviews, rather than questionnaires.
Leslie Morrison Gutman & Leon Feinstein
Early Child Development and Care, 2010, Informa, Volume 180 (4): 535–56
This study investigated trajectories of parenting behaviours and children's development from infancy to early childhood, associations between parenting behaviours and children's development and how these associations vary according to socioeconomic indicators. Mothers and children were examined from an ongoing longitudinal study of families resident in the geographic area of Avon in the UK. Using growth curve modelling, four waves of data were examined when the children were 6–42 months old. Findings suggest that timing is an important factor in the relationship between parenting and children's development. The positive association between mother–child interactions and children's development was evident 12 months later, whereas engagement in outside activities had both concurrent and later positive associations with children's development. Maternal education was also highlighted as a significant moderator suggesting that interactiv