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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is an extremely complex, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder, which is linked to an ever-growing number of genes and multiple biological mechanisms. Converging evidence suggests that effective psychotherapy can reduce perceived early relational deprivation and stimulate adaptive neuroplasticity to ameliorate ASD. This paper aims to track the emotional development of a six-year-old child diagnosed with mild ASD in Hong Kong during a six-month weekly psychoanalytic psychotherapy single case study. The Protocol for Psychoanalytic Investigation of Signs Mapping Changes in Autism (PRISMA) is used as an assessment instrument. Psychoanalytic theory of ASD proposed by Frances Tustin is the primary theoretical framework supporting this research. It postulates that autistic behaviours are an attempt to deal with the unbearable catastrophic existential anxiety arising out of the child’s premature awareness of bodily separation from the feeding mother. Results suggest that all the scores across the six PRISMA categories, including sense of interest in people or objects, shared interactions, sensory integration, constitution of internal space, symbolic capacity, and transference field, improved over the treatment period. The PRISMA score progression suggests that psychoanalytic psychotherapy promotes psychic and emotional development and hence could be considered as one of the therapy modalities of choice for ASD. Additionally, current research demonstrates how objective and quantitative methods can be used to track the more subjective process of therapy. A replication of the study across a wider patient population could help improve generalisability.