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This paper explores how unconscious fantasies about parental intercourse and conception termed ‘primal scene’ fantasies by Freud, impact parent-child and staff group responses and dynamics in a therapeutic parent-toddler group for adopted toddlers and their parents. After briefly outlining the context and approach of the Chorus Adoption Parent Toddler Group (APTG) the paper will detail why primal scene fantasies are so powerful in this group population. Most children experienced in utero trauma, requiring medical treatment in the NICU after their premature births, and families are negotiating the impact of multiple or protracted losses. To illustrate the ways in which communications about contamination, danger and deficit emerged in the group, there will be a presentation of a composite’ case example of a toddler and his adoptive parents in the group setting. Finally, there will be an exploration of the different ways in which the staff group can receive and understand these communications through their countertransference responses, and how group supervision can enable these understandings to be put to clinical use.