This article focuses on the psychological experience and treatment of children and families who recover from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This is important because of the improved prognosis and therefore the increased number of children and families who move forward with their lives after treatment is completed. It is increasingly likely that some of these children or family members may be seen in outpatient psychotherapy (perhaps even years later). The issues are significantly different from those children who die. This article has three main goals: (1) to depict the medical and psychological experience of treatment and its impact on patients, siblings, and parents; (2) to provide a psychodynamic framework for intervention in the active phase of medical treatment; and (3) to assist clinicians in the community who may treat a survivor or family member by increasing clinician awareness of the experiences that patients may have had and how these may resurface in the present treatment.