You do not currently have permission to view the full text for this document. Please sign in to an account with an active subscription or contact support.
The distant goal to which these researches lead is a phylogeny of the mind.
If we survey the history of depth psychology, we shall be struck by the fact that not only as it developed from the psycho-analysis of Freud to the analytical psychology of Jung, but, in its whole general outlook, the emphasis laid on the personal has increasingly shifted to the transpersonal aspect. Psycho-analysis regards man essentially as a being who must be understood in terms of his personal history. The unique and accidental occurrences taking place between the child and its parents are, accordingly, the elements that determine the fate of the healthy, and especially the pathological, development of the individual. This personalistic genetic view led to decisive importance being attached to childhood and its analysis. The complementary transpersonal aspect finds expression in building up a model of the psychic structure revealing, in the normative phases of libido development, a general plan in which the personalistic events acquire their position and their value—for instance, fixation at the anal stage through the mother's wrong training of the child in regard to cleanliness, etc.
In contrast to this accentuation of the temporal and personal, Jung discovered the crucial importance of the timeless and transpersonal factors in the psyche—the archetypes—that determine man's development. This discovery and its implications led him to turn away more and more from the personalistic genetic aspect of psycho-analysis with its emphasis on childhood as the real source of human development. The time element that complements the timeless archetypal aspect is to be found in the emphasis Jung lays on actual conflicts, and in the psychology of the states of life sketched out by him. The discovery of the archetypes, and therapeutic work