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Liliane Frey's extensive comparative study of the work of Freud and Jung shows how these two great physicians, who discovered empirically the phenomenology of the unconscious, first influenced each other and later arrived at different views and concepts. Her book is purely theoretical, confining itself to comparing the development of methods and concepts of these two pioneers during the course of their lives.
The author gives a detailed exposition of their divergent views derived from, the same empirical data on such subjects as trauma, complex, Oedipal phase, libido, dreams and symbols. She finds an equivalent to Jung's collective unconscious in Freud's ‘primordial repressed’ (das Urverdrängte), phylogenetic memory traces being mainly exemplified by the actual murder of a primordial father by the horde of his sons. Much attention is given to the difference between this ‘phylogenetic memory’ and Jung's concept of archetypes. There is also an excellent chapter on Jung's ideas after Freud's death regarding the ‘archetype per se’ as the imperceptible regulating factor, the relationship between psyche and matter, and synchronicity.
The originality of Jung's approach shows up through this comparative method, but it is to the credit of the author, herself a direct pupil and collaborator of Jung, that she looks at Freud not only through the glasses of her master. Her familiarity with Freud's work and the modifications of his views during his life prevents her from making sweeping statements and judgements. With much objectivity she strives to give full justice to the essentials of Freud's thought.
This book is a standard work for anybody interested in the history of analytical theories. It is well composed, clearly written, with a very useful index and a rich bibliography.