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While Traditional developmental theories have focused on early experiences, recent contributions in publications in the United States have highlighted later occurring experiences. Another developmental phenomenon in recent studies of feminine psychology discussed by Hyde and Rosenberg (12) is that of non-conflict-induced change, or growth that is positively motivated by a search for competence and identity extending into adulthood and old age.
Concepts regarding masculinity and feminity have undergone change in many countries in recent years. Movement has been from narrowly defined sex rôles based on gender or biological sex to that of maleness and femaleness forming a uni-dimensional bipolar continuous scale, as on the California Psychological Inventory, and to the concept of psychological androgyny. Bem (2) and Singer (19) have emphasised the intra-psychic interplay of both feminine and masculine aspects of the individual psyche, a two-dimensional scheme. While androgyny has been a persistent theme in myth and ritual, Jung of course adapted this at the individual level. Mischel (14) has proposed a multidimensional model with many ‘factors’ of masculinity-femininity. Whitmont has described four feminine images similar to Wolff's interacting with various contra-sexual elements (WHITMONT 23). Nevertheless, it seems to me that the emphasis in Wolff's work has been on the assuredly feminine nature of all the feminine functions no matter how militant, distant, other-worldly, unrelated, or maternal.
The Mother type basically cherishes and protects all that is young and growing, supports people and ideas, and gives security or space for what needs development. She tends to see others in their collective rôles. She may see her husband as family provider and protector and be concerned with his professional development and his image, while overlooking less obvious aspects of his nature in which the Hetaira is interested. Part of the Mother's protective rô