This is an interesting study of a complex situation which highlights the difficulties of matching condition with psychotherapeutic approach. Understanding of theory and condition is an absolute requirement, as is emphatic response to the individual. This can only be obtained by practical psychotherapeutic experience.

The paper deals first with the question of how pioneers, Freud and Jung, dealt with these complex matters. Jacoby then reflects on our situation today and on the problems all have to face, those of people suffering from so-called early damage, and greater or lesser disturbances of ego development. This requires a new understanding and modification of method, technique and style. Here the openness of the Jungian attitude towards the individual situation is a decisive advantage.

This raises questions about theory and theories, techniques and individual style. The