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The issue of madness, always present in the hot-tempered gods - Ares, Aphrodite, and Dionysus - has to do with what the ancient Greeks referred to as alterity. It was the Greeks who ‘invented’ this notion. What is otherness? It is, simply said, the extensive category of the Other. Let us examine a few aspects of the way this category is presented in mythical thinking in order to understand its place in psychology and madness. Alterity has to do with the Other, who is outside or inside me; ipseity is the possibility of remaining the same. This recognition has political, historical, ethical and, of course, psychological implications. And yet, it is archetypal, because that is where, as we will see, the issues of the sibling archetype fall. The sibling, as a primordial image in the soul, is present in the psychological evolution of each individual and each culture, and its influence inevitably projects itself into the history and construction of our connections with friends, companions, partners, associates, and colleagues - i.e. with all others, before confirmation is established in the soul that madness is other people.