The Annual of Psychoanalysis, Vol.  3. Ed. by the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis. New York:  International Universities Press, 1975.

The annual consists of twenty-one articles under the headings of theoretical studies, clinical studies, psychoanalytic education, psychoanalytic history, psychoanalysis as science, and applied psychoanalysis. One article of particular interest to students of pre-oedipal disorders may be “On the Diagnostic Term ‘Schizophrenia’” by Ping-Nie Pao: He offers criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia, noting that

through the study of the general attitude of [schizophrenic] patients (including speech) in relating to me, I have concluded that the schizophrenic patient is different from the manie-depressive patient or the borderline patient in that he tends to make others feel unable to establish contact with him. Incapable of developing empathic feelings for the content of the patient's thoughts or moods, the other person may consider the patient hostile or subhuman. But, in fact, the special atmosphere is a defensive device designed to protect the patient against narcissistic wounds.

Those who have treated severely regressed schizophrenic people may wonder why so self-evident a conclusion required declaration.

Other articles in the volume include “The Future of Psychoanalysis,” by Heinz Kohut; “Aggression and Narcissistic Rage: A Clinical Elaboration,” by David M. Terman; “Dreams and the Latent Negative Transference,” by Sanford M. Izner; “The Problem of the Training Analysis,” by H. A. van der Sterren; and “In Defense of Libido Theory,” by Marvin Hyman.