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In 1911 Freud denounced Adler in two papers presented before the Vienna Society; soon after, Adler and Stekel resigned their offices to form their own psychoanalytic society, The Society for Free Psychoanalysis. Adler had strayed too far from Freudian theory. He deemphasized the role of libido and the unconscious in the etiology of neurosis, focusing instead on the role of aggression and ego mechanisms.
Two years later, at the Congress of 1913, the long-simmering dispute between Freud and Jung surfaced outright. Freud could no longer tolerate the large theoretical discrepancy between the psychoanalysis he founded and the psychoanalysis Carl Jung was formulating. Jung's concept of the libido differed vastly from Freud's, and the stress Jung placed on current conflicts contradicted the importance of childhood factors in the organization and formation of neuroses, which Freud had labored hard to establish. Psychoanalysis had become unrecognizable in the hands of Jung.
Over seventy years have elapsed since then, and in that time psychoanalysis has sufficiently fixed itself in the cultural fabric. What Freud fought hard to nurture and protect has been widely accepted. His foundling science no longer needs such a zealous and tenacious guardian: it is now strong enough to support variant theories without the threat of rupture. The field is strengthened by