Projective identification and sadomasochistic states can create powerful and distinctive types of countertransference in the analytic relationship. In projective identification, the countertransference feeling is the polar opposite of the patient's feeling. In sadosmasochistic states, the countertransference is characterized by an intense, seemingly inescapable struggle in which the analyst experiences the impulse to torture the patient or feels tortured by the patient. The specific types of transferences that induce these types of countertransference are described, along with discussion of how these transference/countertransference configurations operate in the analytic relationship.