Recent empirical research from the field of cognitive science in the areas of perception, memory, learning, intuition, decision making, and motivation suggests a radical reconception of mental life, in which the role and scope of the unconscious is vastly increased and the role of consciousness is correspondingly reduced. Many of these empirical findings support the psychoanalytic conception of the centrality of unconscious processes in guiding behavior. However, if this radical reconception proposed by cognitive science is true, it suggests that psychoanalysis may need to revise its conception of insight in therapeutic action and reconsider aspects of clinical technique such as anonymity, action, and emotional communication. It is proposed that reverie and mutual regression are unconscious states that could be empirically investigated.