My commentary seeks to expand the relevance of the discussion that Raz & Wolfson so cogently articulate and formulate in two directions: (1) cross-cultural anthropology and (2) evolutionary anthropology and psychology. The “interface problem” is relevant to (1) understanding diverse systems of sickness and healing across human history and culture (i.e., from small-scale societies on through great civilizations of medicine including biomedicine) and (2) differences between mental experience and social behavior including sickness and healing across human biological evolution, a long stretch of time that involved the emergence of conceptual understanding of self, other, and situation and executive functions and working-memory capacity in members of genus Homo and eventually Homo sapiens.