For some years many of us have felt that there was far more to be learned about the history of psychoanalysis from Freud's first career as a neuroscientist than is usually thought to be the case. In yet another example of C.P. Snow's Two Cultures - the cultural split between the sciences and the humanities - the origins of psychoanalysis in the neuroscience of the nineteenth century has been dismissed as Freud's so-called positivism, as an obstacle simply to be overcome in Freud's arriving at the true psychoanalysis. But as Solms and Saling (1990) note, Freud published over 100 articles and books on neuroscience between 1877 and 1900, only seven of which have been translated. What indeed does this archive hold?

Valerie Greenberg has now given us a close textual analysis of Freud's book on aphasia. Greenberg, a Professor of German at Tulane University, brings the