From the early diffusion of Freud's ideas to the development and institutionalization of the Lacanian movement, the Argentine and Spanish psychoanalytic histories have had repeated points of contact. In fact, almost all stages of the Spanish analytical sphere have been shaped by the presence of an ‘Argentine element’. This article aims to explore the history of these encounters between the Spanish and Argentine psychoanalytic worlds. Following the chronology of events, it focuses on the different aspects of this history and shows how the causes, the nature and the consequences of the exchanges evolved.