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The authors describe a schizophrenic psychosis which takes place in a setting of a marked emotional turmoil and has a good prognosis for complete recovery. Their case material is limited to criminals who develop such reactions either immediately before or shortly after incarceration. They are thus related to the Ganser syndrome. The authors confess their complete inability to understand these cases. It is quite amazing that the teachings of modern psychiatry and psychoanalysis for the past thirty or forty years have never aroused the scientific curiosity of the authors, as shown by the following statement: 'It seems to us reasonable to believe that this psychosis resembles schizophrenia because they both involve the same mechanisms, whatever and wherever these mechanisms may be; and that the differences from schizophrenia (and these are related mainly to the course of the illness) may be related to differences in the etiologic agent—in these psychoses emotional shock—in true schizophrenia some other factor.' The references given in this paper look as if they had been copied from some continental textbook of psychiatry. The most important contribution to this subject made by J. Lange who wrote a special monograph on this same subject and published it in 1922 is not even mentioned. Similar contributions by American and foreign authors such as Henri Claude, Dunton, Sullivan, Kasanin and others have not been read by the authors; hence their statement that only four articles appeared on this subject in the past fifteen years.