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The author considers the dream 'a conscious occurrence during sleep' not caused by true perceptions. In his opinion dreams are caused by external or internal stimuli, impressions of the day before and 'more or less permanent feelings and volitions' such as ambition, sexual desire, hatred. From the study of an individual's dreams, the author believes that he can deduce the presence of certain
impulses and from these impulses certain character traits. He also concludes that by interpreting dreams in connection with other facts, such as actions, symptoms, etc., he can discover qualities of character unknown to the dreamer, such as sincerity and insincerity, aggressiveness, intensity of impulses and specific emotions. No reference is made to the work of Freud or to the psychoanalytic principles of dream interpretation except to allude to a few of the mechanisms such as repression and symbolism.