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Freud tried to subject the 'higher principles' in man, especially the ethical and religious ones, to natural scientific explanation. Levy-Suhl is of the
opinion that Freud did so mainly by the hypothesis of the death instinct. This hypothesis, Levy-Suhl says, is debatable but it has shown the way to approach those 'higher principles' by scientific methods. Levy-Suhl then tries to demonstrate that ethical and religious factors are involved in psychoanalytic therapy. He is of the opinion that only by the help of such factors is psychoanalysis able to overcome the resistances rooted in the superego and in narcissism.