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Grotjahn carefully observed experiences in the state of awakening under different circumstances, in his own person as well as in patients. Quotations from his summary illustrate the results of his observations.
The gradual awakening of the ego starts with a reconstruction of the intrapersonal communication, is identical with the inner-cognitive function and appears in the form of "functional symbols"…
The rebirth of the ego and its synthesis is centered around the recognition of the person's own body which represents the borderline between the inner world of the person and the outer world. During the process of awakening the person feels himself as a strange being and regains, more or less slowly, the knowledge of his own unity…
The evidential feeling of the whole body and mind as belonging to the self of the person, as "being mine" has never completely vanished during sleep. The fact that it is possible through training to awaken at an intended time shows the retention of some cognitive ego function throughout the duration of even deep sleep… But the ego feeling of the dreamer is an essential mental ego feeling expressed in the passivity of the dream in which the person is only an onlooker and does not feel his body. If bodily ego feeling appears during the dream such as that observed during flying dreams or in the symbolic expression of eye movements, so the very beginning of awakening is announced…
In the process of awakening these different parts of the cognitive function could be observed and differentiated from each other…