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In investigating the metapsychology of morale, Sterba sees the most important factor in the quantitative relation between egotism and the individual's participation in the aims and interests of the group. Morale, though very necessary
and in the service of progressive forces, is psychologically a regressive phenomenon. Its components are: 1. Identification with the leader and co-members of the group. 2. Common hatred and the greater possibility for its discharge. 3. A transformation of the superego under the influence of the leader. 4. Narcissistic gratification due to feelings of infantile omnipotence. Sterba finally suggests that one can influence morale by manipulating the quantity of emotional gratification.