In this article, Lt. Col. Menninger points out the specific problems and responsibilities of the military psychiatrist. He has to adjust himself to the fact that the army is not a treatment method nor a social agency. It is his job to get the soldier back to duty as quickly as possible or to return him to civilian life. Thus, early diagnosis and short therapy with the limited facilities at hand are his chief aims. The author demonstrates how it is possible to do scientific work despite the many necessary restrictions imposed by military organization.