Certain biological differences result in characterological differences; such differences are blended with those which are directly produced by social factors; the latter are much stronger in their effect and can increase, eliminate or reverse biologically rooted differences. Characterological differences between the sexes should not be considered in terms of 'good and bad' but only in terms of 'coloring'. The character typical of men and women in Western culture is determined by their respective social rôles, overlaid upon a coloring of character which is rooted in biological differences. Fromm is mainly concerned