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Grotjahn divides group therapy into three stages: an initial period of orientation, a period of increasing tension, and the stage of working through, and describes the doctor's position and function in each. He also reports his observation of the simultaneous process of maturation within the group and the leader who conducts the group. The physician, as well as the group, may learn how to face anxiety whenever it occurs, and how to help in the formulation
of the problem underlying the anxiety. Since the group acts as a mirror, this experience facilitates the doctor's recognition of the ultimate defects in his technique, insight into his limitations, and an integration of lessons learned. Presenting himself as the focal point for various kinds of intense and contrasting transference reactions may lead to disturbing emotional reactions within himself. Some examples of such reactions, and how they were handled, are given. Grotjahn attempts to understand the psychodynamics underlying group psychotherapy through the study of the therapist's reaction to the members of the group.