Cannibalism and human sacrifice, as practiced in Fiji, represent a gratification, under the control of religious ritual and taboo, of strong oral-erotic and oral-sadistic impulses. Genital impulses are gratified at the same time. Modern unconscious equivalents also serve these three types of gratification. The basic religious beliefs represent a projection onto gods of infantile fantasies of omnipotence and sexual potency with its implied dangers. The attitudes toward death, souls, and ghosts are typically infantile projections of ambivalence with its attendant reaction-formations as defenses against concomitant anxieties. Here we see on the surface in archaic ritual behavior that which is found in modern civilization in the unconscious of patients with compulsion neurosis. Similarly we see in mourning rituals mechanisms found in manic-depressive psychosis.