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This is an exploratory study of forty patients selected on the basis of the fact that they were coöperative, in fair to good contact, available for interviews, had been living in the community and were making a reasonable social adjustment after lobotomy. From six months to four years had elapsed from the time of operation to the day of interview. It was impossible to assess the importance of other factors, such as hospitalization, length of illness, prolonged abstinence, aging, changes in attitude toward significant persons in the environment, etc., and therefore impossible to come to any sweeping conclusions about the effects of lobotomy on the sex life of the psychotic individual. Of the fifteen men, there was a decrease in sexual drive in three, increase in six, no change in five, and one could not be evaluated. Of the twenty-five women, there was a decrease in drive in thirteen, increase in five, no change in three, and six could not be evaluated. Only one patient who had not been a social problem before operation became one after operation. Homosexuality did not arise anew after operation. The predominant prelobotomy mode of sexual activity was maintained postoperatively. There was a decrease in feelings of guilt, modesty, and anxiety in connection with sexual activity which was not correlated with a decrease in inhibition. Fantasies seemed diminished after lobotomy. Patients and relatives reported that preoperative moral, social, and religious attitudes continued to operate after lobotomy, even though there was a reduction in guilt, modesty, and embarrassment in association with sexual activity.