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A twenty-three-year-old woman with secondary amenorrhea of five years' duration exhibited severe conflicts over femininity, especially fear of competing sexually with older women. Menstruation was for her associated with sexual pleasures and their attendant dangers. She connected pregnancy with the possibility of destruction of the mother by the child. During six months of psychotherapy (thirty-six sessions), biweekly assays were made of urinary estrogens and gonadotropic hormones. Twice during treatment the patient showed marked psychological changes with growing independence and rebellion toward older women, and at these times a marked increase in the urinary estrogen level was also noted. Concurrently, however, the patient showed beginnings of a psychotic decompensation. The author suggests that the emotional changes may have induced the rise in estrogen level. She also warns that such changes may be accompanied by increasing tension which may produce incipient disintegration of the ego. The possibility of such a disintegration must be considered before plunging into any kind of therapeutic attack on amenorrhea; the author found that many such patients have poorly integrated egos.