Delusions, confabulations, and specific amnesias relating to children occurred in thirty adult patients following brain injury. These imaginary children were endowed with the same illness or physical or social disabilities as the adults; delusions also had this content. Amnesia for a particular child revealed the marked identification between the patient and the child. Regression to childlike behavior was seen. The patients' premorbid behavior demonstrated their need to place themselves or others in the role of a child.