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Experimental studies on animals and human beings indicate that a number of different phenomena are ordinarily included in the general concept of 'anxiety', despite the variety of precipitating events and responses. It would be useful to identify the change in the form of behavior that occurs in the course of a transaction. Such change is always present in human situations and may occur
when the verbal, gestural, and autonomic manifestations are not characteristic of clinical anxiety.
Rioch discusses general characteristics of precipitating events and responses to them, which appear to include mesencephalic and diencephalic mechanisms. Careful quantitative studies of animal behavior, in experimentally limited situations which consider time, would permit differentiation of classes of behavior not readily apparent in field or clinical observation. Concurrent studies of physiological, endocrinological, and psychological phenomena promise further differentiation both of patterns of disturbances of anticipatory behavior and of the control mechanisms that may be sequentially brought into play.