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This was the main presentation of the panel mentioned above. Distinction is drawn between 'modifications' and 'variations' in technique. 'Modifications' consist of curtailment of spontaneous productions, preference for manipulation rather than interpretation, and any procedures that jeopardize the formation or resolution of the transference neurosis. Flexibility in application of the rule of abstinence, outside the transference, is a 'variation'. Eissler's concept of parameters, required in treatment of disturbances of the ego, is another. Loewenstein discusses situations in which 'interventions' (parameters) may be employed. Some interventions foster rapport, facilitate the transference, prevent future difficulties, and regulate the level of psychic tension. Under special conditions, it is permissible to afford minor gratifications within the transference. Confrontation and clarification are among the steps preliminary to interpretation. Variations may be necessary in the finding of 'traces' of past psychic processes and their interpretations. Variations from traditional rules concerning depth, sequence, and timing of interpretation or how and when one interprets transference manifestations depend on the total defensive organization and ego structure of the individual patient.