In this third meeting, the World Health Organization Study Group deals with two topics: the development of sex differences and the development of ego identity. The publication of the proceedings consists, as have the previous volumes, solely of verbatim transcripts of the meeting.

In the opening presentation, Margaret Mead examines anthropological data which might shed light on the occurrence of universal differences between the development and behavior of the sexes, 'however differently these may be patterned and institutionalized in different societies'. In general, she chooses a number of 'extreme' cases which on the surface would seem to illustrate the culturally determined aspects of such differences. Although she concedes parenthetically her belief that some universal (i.e., innately determined) differences do occur—for example, that the greater proportion of the 'strongest work' is done by men and that men's work is more highly valued—here, too, she points up striking variations. In many instances she seems to sacrifice underlying significance to external