Rapaport presents a concise survey of psychoanalytic ego psychoogy as the foundation for a more systematic study of ego psychology which must include a more precise definition of the ego as well as a full listing of ego functions. Four phases of the development of ego psychology are described: Freud's prepsychoanalytic theories; the development of psychoanalysis proper, ending in 1923; the development of Freud's ego psychology, beginning with the publication of The Ego and the Id, and extending to 1937; the crucial writings of Anna Freud, Erikson, Horney, Kardiner, and Sullivan, extending to the present day. An extensive bibliography is appended.