You do not currently have permission to view the full text for this document. Please sign in to an account with an active subscription or contact support.
Zetzel discusses the late Dr. Jones's contribution in many areas of psychoanalysis and the psychoanalytic movement, with special emphasis on his role in interpreting Freud's works to English and American audiences. She reviews his original contributions and observations: his study of normal phenomena from a dynamic point of view in his paper, Rationalization in Everyday Life; his continued emphasis on the central position of the dynamic repressed unconscious, and how we infer it from dreams, symbols, and the psychopathology of everyday life; his extension of Freud's early observations on character with a description of the large number of transformations of anal eroticism; his description of the superficially well-adjusted narcissistic character in his paper, The God Complex, a year before the publication of Freud's paper, On Narcissism; his elucidation of symbolism and his insistence that symbols, as defined psychoanalytically, express a constant relation between the symbol and the symbolized object; his definition in 1911 of anxiety as an internal danger situation; the fact that anxiety is a biological response to the danger of repressed incestuous wishes; the role of aggression in primitive mental life and its contribution to the structure and function of the superego; his insistence that women are not injured men and that penis envy is basically a regressive phenomenon; his explanation of the hierarchic organization of affects, and of how they can act as defenses against each other; and his de-emphasis of environmental influences in the development of the superego while insisting on their very important role in mental life. This summary emphasizes his many scientific and theoretical contributions. In his last years he completed his lifelong survey of Freud's contributions in his memorable biography.