Bruno Bettelheim and his co-workers describe experiences in supervision by psychoanalysts of lay therapists in their therapeutic work with psychotic children at the Orthogenic School. Dynamics of learning, teaching, and treatment are considered. Of particular interest is the regular contact between supervising analyst and the child patient. Emphasis in the staff conferences is not only on what the patient says but equally on the countertransference problems of caseworkers and supervisors. 'The fusion is so complete that it is impossible to say at any one moment whether what is going on in the conference is teaching, supervision, group therapy, or yet another activity.' This group of papers is a contribution to the study of the problems connected with psychoanalytic supervision in agencies staffed with lay therapists.