Gill presents a number of basic assumptions of psychoanalytic theory and the changes that have taken place in them during the past twenty-five years. The assumptions are organized under the headings: 1, the motivational theory; 2, the introduction of independent variables other than drives; 3, emphasis on maturation; 4, the genetic emphasis; 5, the primary and secondary processes; 6, the unconscious; and 7, the introduction of the structural point of view. Recent changes reflect an increasing concern with ego psychology, the psychology of the surface, increased attention to the environment, and the introduction of cognitive and adaptive considerations. These changes indicate that psychoanalysis is becoming a total psychological system and so is effecting a rapprochement with the thinking of some academic psychologists. Congruences and differences between the disciplines in this regard are examined briefly.