A narcissistic mortification may result from the power of someone else over the subject, who uses the subject against his will; or from the power of a part of the subject's own personality, which forces his total personality to do what he resents. The psychoanalyst must expose not only the patient's dammed-up infantile wishes, but also his narcissistic mortifications, both internal and external, and the methods he uses to avoid recognizing them. Eidelberg discusses a patient who came to treatment with paranoid ideas. For this patient it was helpful to recognize that he used his belief that others hated him to cover up the narcissistic mortification that he could not deal with his own self-hatred and, on a deeper level, with his sexual needs. The patient preferred to see his conflict as external rather than as a neurotic symptom; to have a neurotic symptom was to be narcissistically mortified.