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DISCUSSION: Dr. Heinz Hartmann noted that the difficulty inherent in this subject is compounded by the complexities of the psychological differences between the sexes. Although we should not overemphasize the hereditary factors, it is at least likely that there are such factors that determine the ways in which creativity can or cannot be realized. He recalled the seven generations of unusual creativity in the Bach family, without a single woman musician, and that among the innumerable gifted Bach musicians not one was highly talented in any other area. There are different forms of creativity, and different forms in which it manifests itself. The preponderance of distinguished women writers as compared with women painters or musicians points to a high degree of specificity, possibly relating to the psychological sex differences. As to the gifted, Hartmann believes that displacements and symbolizations are generally a form of primordial learning, illustrating, as Kris said, an instance of the use of the primary process for purposes of the ego. Oversensitivity as well as other factors represent a primary autonomy of the ego. There are differences in ego development, sexual differences between boy and girl in affectivity even outside of the narrow sphere of sexuality and aggressiveness, and sexual differences in superego development. As to the twofold identity in creative people, cultural factors also play a role.