Psychoanalysis and the Psychoanalytic Review. XLVII, 1960: Schizophrenia, Neurotic Compliance, and the Psi Hypothesis. Jan Ehrenwald. No. 2, pp. 43-54.

Ehrenwald's point of departure is the 'absence of ego boundaries in the newborn infant, and the virtual merging of his and the mother's personalities'. Communication in this primordial child-mother unit is labeled by the author as an 'essentially "intrapsychic" type of communication'. He feels that in those paranoid schizophrenics whose symptoms feature a surrender to some demoniacal external agency or influencing machine there has been a return to these primitive patterns of communication. These patients he compares to Mahler's group of symbiotic childhood schizophrenics. The persecutor in the delusions of the adult paranoid schizophrenic is 'at bottom a direct derivation of the schizophrenic child's omnipotent parent'. In a comparable way the author sees in every telepathic incident transient fusion of two emotionally linked individuals 'into one functional unit', which re-establishes the archaic mother-child unit and its characteristic type of communication. He suggests that resistance to the acceptance of the validity of psi phenomenon derives from the fear of telepathic influences and the necessity to ward off and deny such influences.