Under this somewhat misleading title is presented an interesting follow-up study of psychiatric treatment and nursery school care with a group of preschool atypical children, with special emphasis on a group of nine who at first did not appear schizophrenic. Subsequently, four of these children appeared schizophrenic. The technique of Beata Rank served as a basis of therapy. Both the work in therapy and the work in the nursery school are described, and the so-called need gratification was properly restricted to the nursery school and excluded from the therapeutic situation. An extensive case history is included.