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DISCUSSION: Dr. Sandor Lorand agreed with Dr. Rubin that reformulations of theory do challenge us toward new therapeutic approaches. Although interpretations are always frustrating, as Dr. Tarachow says, analysts disagree on the interpretations to be given in similar situations; they need to compare and pool their experiences more often.
In discussing Dr. Tarachow's paper Dr. Andrew Peto said that in his study of children's play, where an 'as if' situation also is present, the splitting of the ego is a defense and an attempt at mastery. In working with our patients we are much more sure of ourselves technically when we detach ourselves from the patients; we have less control over the partial fusions with the therapist in which the patient becomes involved.
Dr. Gustav Bychowski stated that introjects undergo change during analysis. Introjected images are released and replaced by new, mature, and realistic images. He commented on Dr. Tarachow's statement that every analysis is a succession of mourning processes; the analyst as object is destroyed constantly by the patient's new identifications.
Dr. Max Stern criticized Dr. Ross's paraphrasing of Freud: 'Where superego is, there shall ego be'. It would be better to say that an archaic, rigid superego should be replaced by a mature, flexible one, more adapted to the reality represented by society. He wondered if Dr. Tarachow meant to equate, as 'as if' relationships, the analyst's mature object relations, which enclose the reality of the patient and the treatment situation, and the patient's infantile object relations, characterized by the transference of symbiotic wishes.
Dr. Max Schur did not agree with Dr. Ross's proposition that 'the superego should be replaced by the ego'. The formation of superego structures is a continuous process that should be enhanced by an analysis. That values are taboo for the analyst is a fiction: no analyst can help introducing values.
Dr. Paul Goolker felt that some of Dr. Tarachow