During World War II demands for psychiatric care caused a shift in the tradition of psychoanalysis developing independently of medical institutions. This shift was accompanied by an increasing acceptance by the medical profession of psychoanalytic insights and a growing awareness that the field of psychoanalysis embodied a general psychology of human behavior which could be employed by disciplines dealing with human behavior. In Boston and its vicinity, members and candidates of the Boston Psychoanalytic Society and Institute now play significant roles in practically all of the major psychiatric treatment and teaching activities.