According to the author, five qualities, which are in some degree the result of the intensity of the Oedipal struggle that is revived at puberty, help to distinguish adolescents from adults. 1. Adolescents tend to have intense, volatile feelings due to the newness of the instinctual forces, the inexperience of their egos in using newly acquired resources, and their wish to experience all sorts of emotions strongly and frequently in order to attain reassurance against the fear of loss of control. 2. Adolescents experience both frustration and anxiety as castration, and therefore have little tolerance for either. 3. The adolescent's reality testing is poor, especially in situations involving a parent or parent substitute. He is likely to be unaware of the probable consequences of many of his actions and is prone to misunderstand the feelings or behavior of others. 4. The adolescent's capacity for self-criticism is deficient; he is unable to see himself as others