Functional enuresis in children is generally more resistant to psychoanalysis than other regressive phenomena. Silberstein expresses the view that enuresis is not a manifestation of psychoneurosis in the usual sense. It may develop as a result of lack of training, overtraining, situational disturbance, or psychosis. It may be a manifestation of a difficulty somewhat like a perversion. In all such cases success is more likely if efforts are not confined to the child's intrapsychic conflict but extended to include the parents. Work with the parents is directed toward encouraging them to develop a relationship with the child which will motivate him to control his instinctual impulses. The therapist cannot replace the parent in importance to the preadolescent child; hence, the value of working with the parents in this manner.