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Personalization is a term that refers to the biological, sociological, and anthropological elements of the individual and to his ego; it maintains that the ego is more than the sum of its parts. Caruso differentiates
between the biologically inherited structures of the ego, described by Hartmann, and its psychological aspects.
Perception is never objective; language is simply a means of communication and therefore we must always be aware of our use of analogy, homily, and metaphor. (Linguistic study of Freud's work should be fruitful.)
We must not confuse a function with the idea of functioning. Caruso believes that functional units should be considered from the dynamic, energetic, and structural aspects to eliminate the confusion which he believes exists in the current psychoanalytic literature. His book consists of ten lectures given in Bogota in 1963 and will become part of a series of other analytic publications from the Archives of Psychoanalytic Studies. The author is better known in Germany, France, and Spain than here and it is regrettable that he underestimated the sophistication of the group to which he lectured; this error results in uneven handling of his subject from the first two or three lectures to the last one. Nevertheless the book is well-reasoned and deserves to be read.