Analytic treatment of a young mathematics student who developed difficulties in his studies is reported. An important part of the psychopathology is related to the scopophilic drive, the erotization and aggressivization of vision. Because of dissipation of energies, the mathematical work could not be continued and degenerated. The dynamics of the patient are elaborated according to Kleinian thinking with a review of the literature about mathematics and mathematicians. The relation between mathematics and the anal-sadistic level of organization is elaborated. Mathematical work is the aggressive treatment of abstracted fantasy and is amply displayed in the analyses of several patients' fantasies. The author concludes that mathematical thought is involved in the refinement of aggression; requires the tolerance of doubt with the aim of securing certain knowledge which will limit aggression; aims at the elimination of a bad object; contains the hope of finding a good object.