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This annual, more modest in scope than the annuals to which we are accustomed, gathers a number of unpublished papers by the older and, more importantly, by the younger analysts of the newly re-established German psychoanalytic associations.
There are clinically oriented contributions to theory, to technique, and to psychoanalytic education. In general, attention is directed toward the same subjects that are popularly current in this country: ego psychology; infantile development and early object relationships; the selection and the education of applicants for psychoanalytic training. One immediately senses the atmosphere in van der Leeuw's ber Auswahlkritieren für Zulassung und zur Ausbildung zum Psychoanalytiker. In Germany, as here, selection is based on the personal interview. Two points of view of interest are mentioned that to some degree influence the choice. Many feel it is important to select candidates who will increase the number of those able to contribute to psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and psychotherapy. The author differs, stating that the era of pioneering is past, and that only those who can make original contributions to psychoanalysis should be chosen. Because of social conditions in Europe, and because the number of prospective candidates is far fewer than the need for psychoanalysts, the choice of candidate is not always made in accordance with talent alone.
Noteworthy is the contribution of Dr. Ulrich Moser, who carries us into the 'microhistology' [sic] of defense mechanisms. He carefully dissects the relationship between repression and projection. Repression, he says, is the primary defense; when the ego fails and when the capacity for countercathexis is lost, regressive mechanisms of defense are aroused. He thus divides defenses into two groups: first, repression where forms of defense-countercathexis are possible and object relations are maintained; second, those defenses (identification, projection, introjection) where the counter